Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

1

Patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis requiring surgery due to neurogenic claudication with radiculopathy

2

Patients with one-level central stenosis requiring decompression

3

Patients with MRI findings consistent with symptoms on preoperative radiological examination

4

Patients who agreed to this study

1

Patients who underwent spinal surgery in the past

2

In addition to decompression, patients who needed further segmental fusion surgery.

3

Patients who require multiple segments of decompression surgery( ≥ 3 levels )

4

Patients with cervical lesions other than lumbar lesions.

5

Patient with rapidly progressive neurological deficit

6

Patients who cannot cooperate in completing the questionnaire due to dementia or stroke

7

Neuromuscular disorder

8

Spinal malignancy, spinal infection, etc.