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Table 3 Objective measures of osseous correction

From: Distal tibial distraction osteogenesis—an alternative approach to addressing limb length discrepancy with concurrent hindfoot and ankle reconstruction

 

Excellent

Good

Fair

Poor

Union

Solid

Nonunion

Infection

Absence

Presence

Deformity

Neutral to slight calcaneus

Neutral to 5° valgus

External rotation 0–15°

Neutral to slight posterior translation

Slight equinus < 5°

5–10° valgus or varus

< 5° internal rotation

< 1 cm anterior translation

5–10° dorsiflexion or plantarflexion

5° varus or > 10° valgus

< 5° internal rotation

> 1 cm anterior translation

Worse than before intervention

Hindfoot1

Tibial2

Both coronal and sagittal planes within 5° of normal

Acceptable

Neither coronal nor sagittal planes within 5° of normal

Either coronal or sagittal plane within 5° of normal

LLD

< 1.5 cm

< 3 cm

> 3 cm

  1. Abbreviations: LLD limb length discrepancy
  2. 1Post surgical hindfoot and ankle alignment grading as proposed by Katsenis et al. [9]
  3. 2Post surgical tibial alignment grading as proposed by Schoenleber et al. [2]