Fig. 1

The perioperative R values of THA (a) and TKA (b). The asterisks indicate values that were significantly different between the multiple-dose and single-dose cohorts. Horizontal green dotted lines indicate the normal range (upper green line for upper limit, lower green line for lower limit). R reaction time, THA total hip arthroplasty, TKA total knee arthroplasty, Pre pre-operation, POD1 post-operative day 1, POD3 post-operative day 3, POD5 post-operative day 5, POD7 post-operative day 7