Table 4 The relationship between s-CTX and fracture risk

Chapurlat [7]

Hip

Highest quartile vs control

1.9 (1.05–3.4)

Garnero [14]

All

Highest vs lowest quartiles

2.1 (1.2–3.8)

Age, presence of prevalent fractures, and physical activity

Gerdhem [17]

All

Highest quartile vs. three lower quartiles

1.18 (0.81–1.70)

Hip

1.01 (0.48–2.11)

Vertebral

1.94 (1.05–3.58)

1.58 (0.83–2.98)

Lumbar spine BMD

Meier [19]

All

Highest vs lowest quartiles

1.6 (0.8–3.3)

All

Per SD

1.2 (0.98–1.6)

Dobnig [20]

Hip

Per increment of 1 ng/mL

1.27 (0.45–3.6)

Age, BMI, mobility score, past fractures, creatinine clearance rate, calcaneal stiffness

Nonvertebral

1.41 (0.77–2.6)

Bauer [21]

Hip

Highest quartile vs three lower quartiles

1.76 (1.04–2.98)

Age and clinic

Nonvertebral

1.29 (0.99–1.69)

Hip

1.04 (0.55–1.97)

Age, BMI, race, diabetes, grip strength, clinic, and baseline total hip BMD

Nonvertebral

1.07 (0.80–1.42)

Ivaska [18]

All

Per SD

1.13 (1.01,1.27)

Vertebral

1.32 (1.05,1.67)

Shigdel [10]

Hip, wrist

Per SD

1.08 (0.88–1.33)

Age, height, weight, and femoral neck areal bone mineral density

Dai [6]

Hip

Highest vs lowest quartiles

4.92 (1.67–14.51)

Age, sex, dialect group, date of study enrollment, BMI, level of education, smoking status, physical activity, diabetes mellitus

Per SD

1.78 (1.24–2.56)

Crandall [8]

Hip

Highest vs lowest quartiles

1.33 (0.91, 1.96)

1.25 (0.68, 2.30)

Body mass index, years of education, whether living with a partner, parity, smoking, fall history in past year, history of previous fracture, family history of hip fracture, past use of menopausal hormone therapy, and vitamin D intake