Table 2 Preparation protocols of bone marrow stimulation
First author, year | Instrument | Diameter (mm) | Interval (mm) | Depth (mm) | Location | Postoperative rehabilitation protocol | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Immobilized | Passive ROM exercise | Active-assisted ROM exercise | Strengthening exercise | Full return to Sports | ||||||
Jo 2011 | Bone punch | 2.1 | 4–5 | 10 | From the articular cartilage margin to the lateral ridge of the greater tuberosity. | For 4–6 weeks using an abduction brace | The day after surgery for small to large size tear; from 6 weeks after surgery for massive tear | From 4 to 6 weeks after surgery | From 12 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |
Jo 2013 | Bone punch | 2.1 | 4–5 | 10 | From the articular cartilage margin to the lateral ridge of the greater tuberosity. | For 4–6 weeks using an abduction brace | The day after surgery for small to large size tear; from 6 weeks after surgery for massive tear | From 4 to 6 weeks after surgery | From 12 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |
Milano 2013 | arthroscopic awl | 1.5 | 4 | 5 | The attachment area of the tendons, along the articular margin | For 4 weeks using a sling | From 4 weeks after surgery according to the principles of shoulder rehabilitation program by Kibler [22] | |||
Osti 2013 | Arthroscopic awl | Unknown | 3–4 | 2–4 | From the juxta-articular into the subacromial space | For 4 weeks using a sling | From 2 to 4 weeks after surgery | From 6 weeks after surgery | From 12 weeks after surgery | NA |
Cai 2016 | Lumbar puncture needle | 0.5 | 2 | 3 | Footprint region | For 6 weeks using an abduction brace | From 0 to 6 weeks after surgery | From 6 to 8 weeks after surgery | From 6 to 8 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |
Zhang 2016 | Lumbar puncture needle | 0.5 | 2 | 3 | Footprint region | For 4–6 weeks using an abduction brace | From 1 to 6 weeks after surgery | From 6 to 8 weeks after surgery | From 6 to 8 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |
Taniguchi 2015 | Metal bar | 3.0 | 3–5 | Unknown | Along the medially advanced footprint | For 6–8 weeks using an abduction pillow | From 2 weeks after surgery | From 8 to 10 weeks after surgery | From 10 to 12 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |
Yoon 2016 | Bone punch | 2.1 | 4–5 | 10 | From the articular cartilage margin to the lateral ridge of the greater tuberosity. | For 8 weeks using an abduction brace | From 8 weeks after surgery | From 8 weeks after surgery | From 12 weeks after surgery | From 6 months after surgery |