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Table 4 Subgroup and age analysis

From: Reliability and validity of the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ) and the Trunk Appearance Perception Scale (TAPS)

 

SAQ Appearance

SAQ Expectations

SAQ total score

TAPS

Cobb angle 10 to 39° (n = 133)

20.62 ± 4.83

12.89 ± 4.75

33.51 ± 8.22

3.57 ± 0.62

Cobb angle ≥ 40° (n = 122)

27.54 ± 8.38

13.88 ± 4.94

41.42 ± 11.61

2.81 ± 0.97

Significance of differences in Cobb angle groups

F = 30.26, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

F = 1.11, df = 1, 252, P = 0.29

F = 8.68, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

F = 23.11, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

Correlations with age

0.58**

0.18**

0.49**

− 0.59**

Age 14 to < 18 years (n = 59)

21.20 ± 5.78

13.92 ± 4.68

35.12 ± 8.55

3.57 ± 0.64

Age 18 to 45 years (n = 130)

21.35 ± 5.49

12.18 ± 4.81

33.54 ± 8.93

3.48 ± 0.69

Age ≥ 46 years (n = 66)

31.44 ± 7.64

15.20 ± 4.50

46.64 ± 10.24

2.35 ± 0.89

Significance of differences in age groups

F = 40.41, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

F = 1.16, df = 1, 252, P = 0.28

F = 10.89, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

F = 44.44, df = 1, 252, P < 0.01

  1. Means and standard deviations of SAQ sum scores and TAPS mean score are presented; for displayed correlations: **P < 0.01; F values result from a MANCOVA with Cobb angle as independent variable, age as covariate, and SAQ and TAPS as dependent variables