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Table 2 Score distribution and floor-ceiling effects of the subscales of HAGOS-C

From: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Simplified Chinese version of Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) for total hip arthroplasty

Subscale

Mean ± SD

Observed range

Theoretical range

Floor effect (%)*

Ceiling effect (%)*

Symptoms

44.9 ± 16.9

3.6–82.1

0–100

0

0

Pain

39.2 ± 15.8

0–87.5

0–100

2.1

0

ADL

49.3 ± 23.9

0–100

0–100

0.5

1.6

Sport/rec

36.5 ± 19.3

0–90.6

0–100

3.1

0

PAsss

26.3 ± 24.0

0–100

0–100

20.3

1.0

QoL

34.1 ± 21.2

0–95

0–100

6.3

0

  1. *Percentage of patients with the worst (floor effect) and the best (ceiling effect) condition
  2. HAGOS-C Chinese version of the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score, ADL physical function in daily living, sport/rec physical function in sport and recreation, PA participation in physical activities, QoL hip and or/groin-related quality of life