Fig. 2

Exploratory assessments in ACLT-induced OA-related pain behavior. There was no ACLT surgery in vehicle control (a) and sham (b) group. The effects of GE-P (100 mg/kg/day, e), GE-P (300 mg/kg/day, f), GE-L (100 mg/kg/day, g), GE-L (300 mg/kg/day, h), and celecoxib (10 mg/kg/day, d) when compared with the saline group (c) were analyzed by the open-field test (OFT) on day 28, before sacrifice. Each mouse was placed in the corner of an “open field” and allowed to roam the field. Movements were automatically recorded within 10 min via a TM-01 Animal Video Behavior System. Representative images (motion tracking behavior) showing the mouse traveling patterns were obtained and total ambulatory distance during the 10 min were measured by mean velocity (MV). Each value/error bar is expressed as the mean ± SD of 10 mice