Table 1 Original formulation of alpha-MEM, DMEM and Ham’s F-12
Substance | alpha-MEM | DMEM | Ham’s F-12 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Nutrients | d-Glucose | 5.6 × 100 | 5.6 × 100 | 1.0 × 101 |
Sodium pyruvate | 1.0 × 100 | 1.0 × 100 | 1.0 × 100 | |
Sodium bicarbonate | 2.4 × 101 | 4.4 × 101 | 1.4 × 101 | |
Lipoic acid | 9.7 × 10−4 | – | 1.0 × 10−3 | |
Linoleic acid | – | – | 3.0 × 10−4 | |
NaCl | 1.2 × 102 | 1.1 × 102 | 1.3 × 102 | |
KCl | 5.4 × 100 | 5.4 × 100 | 3.0 × 100 | |
MgSO4·7H2O | 8.1 × 10−1 | 8.1 × 10−1 | – | |
MgCl2·6H2O | – | – | 6.0 × 10−1 | |
Na2HPO4·H2O | 1.1 × 100 | 8.7 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 100 | |
CaCl2·2H2O | 1.8 × 100 | 1.8 × 100 | 3.0 × 10−1 | |
Fe(NO3)3·9H2O | – | 2.5 × 10−4 | – | |
FeSO4·7H2O | – | – | 3.0 × 10−3 | |
CuSO4·5H2O | – | – | 1.0 × 10−5 | |
ZnSO4·7H2O | – | – | 3.0 × 10−3 | |
Hypoxanthine | – | – | 3.0 × 10−2 | |
Thymidine | – | – | 3.0 × 10−3 | |
Vitamins | Folic acid | 2.3 × 10−3 | 9.1 × 10−3 | 2.9 × 10−3 |
Vitamin B12 | 1.0 × 10−3 | – | 1.0 × 10−3 | |
Pyridoxal·HCl | 4.9 × 10−3 | 2.0 × 10−2 | – | |
Pyridoxine·HCl | – | – | 3.0 × 10−4 | |
Niacinamid | 8.0 × 10−3 | 3.3 × 10−2 | 3.0 × 10−4 | |
d-Ca-pantothenate | 2.1 × 10−3 | 8.4 × 10−3 | 1.0 × 10−3 | |
Biotin | 4.1 × 10−4 | – | 3.0 × 10−5 | |
Riboflavin | 2.7 × 10−4 | 1.1 × 10−3 | 1.0 × 10−4 | |
Thiamine·HCl | 3.0 × 10−3 | 1.2 × 10−2 | 1.0 × 10−3 | |
Ascorbic acid | 2.8 × 10−1 | – | – | |
Amino acids essential | l-Isoleucine | 4.0 × 10−1 | 8.0 × 10−1 | 3.0 × 10−2 |
l-Leucine | 4.0 × 10−1 | 8.0 × 10−1 | 9.9 × 10−2 | |
l-Lysine HCl | 4.0 × 10−1 | 8.0 × 10−1 | 2.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Methionine | 1.0 × 10−1 | 2.0 × 10−1 | 3.0 × 10−2 | |
l-Phenylalanine | 2.0 × 10−1 | 4.0 × 10−1 | 3.0 × 10−2 | |
l-Threonine | 4.0 × 10−1 | 8.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Tryptophan | 5.0 × 10−2 | 7.8 × 10−2 | 9.8 × 10−3 | |
l-Valine | 4.0 × 10−1 | 8.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
Semi-essential | l-Cysteine·H2O | 2.2 × 10−1 | – | 2.3 × 10−1 |
l-Tyrosine | 2.0 × 10−1 | 4.0 × 10−1 | 3.0 × 10−2 | |
l-Arginine·HCl | 6.0 × 10−1 | 4.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 100 | |
l-Histidine·HCl·H2O | 2.0 × 10−1 | 2.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
Non-essential | l-Alanine | 2.8 × 10−1 | – | 1.0 × 10−1 |
l-Asparagine·H2O | 3.3 × 10−1 | – | 8.8 × 10−2 | |
l-Aspartic acid | 2.3 × 10−1 | – | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Glutamine | 4.0 × 100* | 4.0 × 100 | 1.0 × 100 | |
l-Glutamic acid | 5.1 × 10−1 | – | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
Glycine | 6.7 × 10−1 | 4.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Proline | 3.5 × 10−1 | – | 3.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Serine | 2.4 × 10−1 | 4.0 × 10−1 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
l-Cystine | 4.2 × 10−1 | 2.0 × 10−1 | – | |
Vitaminoids | Inositol | 1.1 × 10−2 | 4.0 × 10−2 | 1.0 × 10−1 |
Choline chloride | 7.2 × 10−3 | 2.9 × 10−2 | 1.0 × 10−1 | |
Supplements | Putrescine·2HCl | – | – | 1.0 × 10−3 |
Phenol red | 2.8 × 10−2 | 4.2 × 10−2 | 2.8 × 10−2 | |