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Table 2 Meta-analysis results for pain score and Harris hip score

From: Meta-analysis of the potential role of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Variable

Group

Sample size

Test of association

Model

Test of heterogeneitya, b

Egger’s testc

K

ESWT

Control

SMD (95% CI)

Z

P

Q

P

I2 (%)

t

P

Pain score

Base

2

46

45

−1.0104 [− 2.3279; 0.3071]

1.5032

0.1328

Random

6.61

0.0058

86.9

Post

2

46

45

− 2.1148 [− 3.2332; − 0.9965]

3.7063

0.0002

Random

4.42

0.0035

77.4

Change

2

46

46

− 0.7353 [− 2.1272; 0.6566]

1.0354

0.3005

Random

9.81

0.0017

89.8

Harris hip score

Base

4

125

130

0.3717 [− 0.3125; 1.0559]

1.0647

0.287

Random

34.06

< 0.001

85.3

1.9243

0.1267

Post

4

125

130

2.1377 [1.2875; 2.9880]

4.9281

< 0.001

Random

35.77

< 0.001

86.0

3.5824

0.0231

Change

4

125

125

1.2969 [0.7171; 1.8767]

4.3839

< 0.001

Random

20.72

0.001

75.9

0.9755

0.3846

  1. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, K number of studies combined
  2. aRandom-effects model was used when the P for heterogeneity test < 0.05; otherwise, the fixed-effect model was used
  3. bP < 0.05 is considered statistically significant for Q statistics
  4. cEgger’s test to evaluate publication bias, P < 0.05 is considered statistically significant