Table 1 Demographics
LCS case, no | 565 | |
Disease type | Hypertorophy of the flavum, no | 288 (51.0%) |
Disc herniation (> 2 levels), no | 60 (10.6%) | |
Degenerative kyphosis, no | 23 (4.1%) | |
Degenerative scoliosis, no | 21 (3.7%) | |
Spondylolisthesis, no | 161 (28.5%) | |
L-OYL, no | 11 (1.9%) | |
L-OPLL, no | 1 (0.2%) | |
Sex, female/male, no | 286/279 | |
Age, average (range) | 70.7 ± 9.5 (32–92) | |
YAM, average (range) | 90.9 ± 17.0 (48–149) | |
Surgical method | Decompression/posterior fusion, no | 222/343 |
Follow-up period, average, years | 3.2 ± 1.6 | |
Lumbar surgical outcomes | Operative time, average (range), min | 220.5 ± 104.0 (44–749) |
Blood loss, average (range), mL | 403.9 ± 604.7 (6–6380) | |
Preoperative L-JOA score, average (range), points | 14.6 ± 4.4 (− 2–24) | |
Postoperative L-JOA score, average (range), points | 23.6 ± 4.4 (8–29) | |
Recovery rate of L-JOA score, average (range), % | 62.5 ± 28.1 (− 70.6–100) | |
Revisions, no | 60 (10.6%) | |
TSS | Radiological cervical stenosis, no | 202 (35.8%) |
Symptomatic cervical stenosis, no | 58 (10.3%) | |
Cervical operation, no | 28 (5.0%) | |
Preoperative comorbidities | C-OPLL, no | 23 (4.1%) |
HT, no | 278 (49.2%) | |
HL, no | 93 (16.5%) | |
DM, no | 121 (21.4%) | |
Smoking, no | 159 (28.1%) | |
IHD, no | 96 (17.0%) | |
HD, no | 30 (5.3%) | |
Collagen disease, no | 46 (8.1%) | |
Obesity, BMI > 25, no | 216 (38.2%) | |
Artificial joint, TKA or THA, no | 33 (5.8%) | |
Osteoporosis, YAM < 70%, no | 68 (12.0%) | |