Intrathecal morphine versus femoral nerve block for pain control after total knee arthroplasty: a meta-analysis

Table 1 The general characteristic of the included studies.

Study	Country	FNB Group			Surgery	ITM Group			Outcomes	Follow-up
Study	Country	No. of patients	Method	Drug	Surgery	No. of patients	Dose	Concomitant pain management	Outcomes	Follow-up
Frassanito 2010	Italy	26	SFNB	Ropivacaine 0.75% 25 ml	TKA	26	Hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg plus 0.1 mg of morphine sulphate	Paracetamol 1 g i.v. four times daily and intravenous. Ketorolac 30 mg 2 times every 24 h	1, 2, 3, 4	48 h
Mohamed 2016	Egypt	20	SFNB	Hyperbaric bupivacaine 15 mg	TKA	20	0.2 mg morphine	PCA with morphine	1, 2, 3, 4	3 month
Olive 2015	Australia	27	CFNB	20 ml bottle of 0.5% bupivacaine	TKA	28	0.5% bupivacaine 3.5 ml plus 0.175 mg morphine	0.5% bupivacaine 3.5 mL	1, 2, 3, 4	1 year
Sites 2004	USA	20	SFNB	40 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine with 75 mg of clonidine and 5 mg/mL of epinephrine	TKA	20	0.25 mg morphine and 15 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine	30 mg ketorolac IV every 6 h	1, 2, 3, 4	48 h
Tarkkila 1998	India	18	CFNB	0.25% bupivacaine at a rate of 0.1 mL kg 1 h 1	TKA	20	0.3 mg morphine mixed with bupivacaine	Oxycodone 0.1–0.14 mg/kg	1, 2, 3, 4	48 h

FNB femoral nerve block, ITM intrathecal morphine, TKA total knee arthroplasty

ISSN: 1749-799X