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Table 1 The force required when the patella shifts 10 mm laterally

From: Biomechanical comparison of single- and double-bundle medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction

Group

15°

30°

45°

60°

90°

MPFL intact

74.3 ± 10.7†#Δ

74.7 ± 10.6

92.3 ± 12.2*

86.5 ± 10.1

96.3 ± 10.0*

101.5 ± 13.8*

MPFL cut

45.5 ± 9.6

48.9 ± 8.9

53.5 ± 9.7

57.3 ± 7.6

84.0 ± 11.5

85.5 ± 10.9

MPFL single-R

71.7 ± 8.0†‡#Δ

74.0 ± 7.9

97.9 ± 12.6*

90.6 ± 11.1*

89.4 ± 9.3*

97.7 ± 12.1*

MPFL double-R

74.8 ± 8.0†#Δ

85.9 ± 10.1Δ

91.5 ± 8.4Δ

84.7 ± 8.9Δ

92.1 ± 10.1Δ

106.3 ± 13.5Δ

  1. In the same group, *Others vs. 15° P < 0.05; Others vs. 30° P < 0.05; Others vs. 45° P < 0.05; #Others vs. 60° P < 0.05; ΔOthers vs. 90° P < 0.05