Table 2 Element types and material properties
| Material | Element behavior |
Young’s modulus E (MPa) |
Poisson’s ratio |
Stiffness of spring (N/mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cortical bone | Homogeneous, linear elastic, isotropic | 17,000 | 0.3 | – |
| Trabecular bone | Homogeneous, linear elastic, isotropic | 70 | 0.2 | – |
| Articular cartilage | Homogeneous, linear elastic, isotropic | 15 | 0.45 | – |
| Acetabular labrum | Homogeneous, linear elastic, isotropic | 15 | 0.45 | – |
| Teres ligament | Spring element | – | – | 68 ± 25 |
| Ischiofemoral ligament | Spring element | – | 39.6 ± 24.4 | |
| Pubofemoral ligament | Spring element | – | – | 36.9 ± 24.4 |
| Inferior iliofemoral ligament | Spring element | – | – | 100.7 ± 54 |
| Superior iliofemoral ligament | Spring element | – | – | 97.8 ± 67.5 |