Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regressions Model

Sex

 F (ref: M)

0.61 (0.33–1.14)

0.120

Age (year)

 55–74 (ref: ≤54)

1.16 (0.6–2.25)

0.659

0.78 (0.37–1.64)

0.512

 ≥75 (ref: ≤54)

3.28 (1.37–7.82)

0.008*

1.22 (0.37–4.05)

0.748

BMI (kg/m²)

 Eutrophic (ref: underweight)

1.03 (0.39–2.68)

0.958

 Overweight (ref: underweight)

0.72 (0.25–2.05)

0.538

Pre-op palsy

 1 (ref: 0)

1.18 (0.49–2.83)

0.706

1.23 (0.5–3.03)

0.653

Post-op palsy

 1 (ref: 0)

0.3 (0.06–1.36)

0.119

 2 (ref: 0)

0.1 (0.02–0.51)

0.006*

PS score

 1 (ref: 0)

0.43 (0.18–1.03)

0.059

0.52 (0.16–1.74)

0.289

 2 (ref: 0)

0.09 (0.03–0.26)

<0.001*

0.14 (0.03–0.54)

0.004*

Histology

 Adeno (ref: Non-adeno)

0.38 (0.2–0.71)

0.003*

0.59 (0.28–1.25)

0.167

Number of vertebra involved

 ≥3 (ref: <3)

0.7 (0.39–1.25)

0.228

Other bone metastasis

 With (ref: without)

0.83 (0.46–1.49)

0.531

Visceral metastasis

 With (ref: without)

1.08 (0.52–2.23)

0.837