Fig. 3
From: Nanosecond pulsed electric field inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma
The nsPEF effect on gene and protein expression. With 30 pulses, 24 h post treatment, PCR and western blot were used to determine the different electric field strengths on cell OPG/RANKL, TNF-α gene (a), and protein expression (b). NsPEF significantly increased OPG transcription and protein expression at 20–50 kV/cm (a, c). RANKL was almost undetectable both in the control and nsPEF-treated MG-63 cells (a, d). NsPEF slightly down-regulated TNF-α (a, d)