Fig. 2

a, b A 46-year-old man suffered from lower back pain with radiation to the left leg. MR showed that the intervertebral disc for L4/L5 was herniated, and the left nerve root was compressed. d, e. The patient was treated with unilateral PLIF using a single cage supplemented with unilateral pedicle screws via the right side. f–h The radiograph and CT scan at 1-year follow-up showed bony trabeculae bridging the fusion level