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Table 2 Measurement of parameters in the two groups on hyper-flexion and hyper-extension x-ray (mean ± standard deviation)

From: Topping-off technique prevents aggravation of degeneration of adjacent segment fusion revealed by retrospective and finite element biomechanical analysis

Group

Time point

θ + (°)

θ (°)

AO/ W

RO/ W

Topping-off

Pre-op

1.8 ± 0.5

3.2 ± 1.0

5.7 ± 1.3

2.1 ± 0.7

Post-op

1.6 ± 0.5

1.8 ± 0.6

6.1 ± 1.5

1.2 ± 0.4

PLIF

Pre-op

2.0 ± 0.7

3.5 ± 1.0

5.4 ± 1.2

1.2 ± 0.3

Post-op

3.7 ± 1.2

5.3 ± 1.4

8.1 ± 1.5

5.4 ± 0.7