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Table 1 Stress values at different elbow flexion angles under a vertical load of 500 N (in με; mean ± SD)

From: Effect of elbow flexion angles on stress distribution of the proximal ulnar and radius bones under a vertical load: measurement using resistance strain gauges

Working condition

Tip of coronoid process

Middle of coronoid process

Base of coronoid process

The back of ulnar notch

Olecranon

Radial head

−134.38 ± 19.93

−161.38 ± 19.76

−147.25 ± 21.01

46.75 ± 9.50

30.38 ± 12.21

−272.13 ± 17.52

15°

−173.38 ± 21.46

−242.25 ± 26.54

−196.75 ± 34.94

101.63 ± 17.80

97.13 ± 17.32

−313.38 ± 19.98

30°

−230.75 ± 29.52

−286.50 ± 32.82

−319.50 ± 34.88

198.63 ± 21.89

104.13 ± 13.89

−313.00 ± 19.93

45°

−63.25 ± 11.97

−118.25 ± 17.59

−340.38 ± 32.16

259.38 ± 81.49

136.63 ± 27.09

−343.75 ± 19.17

P

<0.05*

<0.05*

>0.05

<0.05*

>0.05

>0.05

  1. *P < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference.