Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

Table 2 Mankin scores detected in femur and tibia at sacrifice

From: Protective effects of calcium gluconate on osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy in Sprague–Dawley rats

Groups	Femur					Tibia
Groups	Surface	Hypocellularity	Clones	Safranin O	Total^a	Surface	Hypocellularity	Clones	Safranin O	Total^a
Controls
Sham	0.25 ± 0.46	0.25 ± 0.46	0.00 ± 0.00	0.38 ± 0.52	0.88 ± 0.64	0.38 ± 0.52	0.38 ± 0.52	0.13 ± 0.35	0.38 ± 0.52	1.25 ± 1.39
OA	2.75 ± 0.46^b	2.50 ± 0.53^a	2.25 ± 0.89^b	2.38 ± 0.52^b	9.88 ± 1.13^b	2.63 ± 0.52^b	2.38 ± 0.52^b	2.63 ± 0.52^b	2.13 ± 0.83^b	9.75 ± 1.04^b
Diclofenac	2.00 ± 0.53^cd	1.63 ± 0.52^bd	2.25 ± 0.71^b	1.38 ± 0.52^bd	7.25 ± 1.39^bd	1.88 ± 0.64^be	1.63 ± 0.74^be	1.75 ± 0.46^bd	1.38 ± 0.74^ce	6.63 ± 1.19^bd
Calcium gluconate treated
100 mg/kg	1.38 ± 0.74^bd	1.25 ± 0.89^bd	1.50 ± 0.76^b	0.63 ± 0.52^d	4.75 ± 1.98^bd	1.25 ± 0.71^bd	1.00 ± 0.76^d	1.00 ± 0.76^bd	1.25 ± 0.71^ce	4.50 ± 2.20^bd
50 mg/kg	2.00 ± 0.76^be	1.50 ± 0.76^bd	1.75 ± 0.46^b	2.13 ± 0.35^b	7.38 ± 1.77^bd	2.00 ± 0.76^be	1.63 ± 0.52^be	1.50 ± 0.53^bd	1.38 ± 0.74^ce	6.50 ± 2.20^bd
25 mg/kg	2.38 ± 0.74^b	2.38 ± 0.52^b	2.50 ± 0.53^b	2.50 ± 0.76^b	9.75 ± 1.16^b	2.75 ± 0.46^b	2.38 ± 0.74^b	2.13 ± 0.64^b	1.88 ± 0.83	9.13 ± 2.30^b

After 84 days of continuous oral treatment of calcium gluconate or subcutaneous treatment of diclofenac sodium in OA rats. Values are expressed as mean ± SD of eight rats, scores (Table 1). OA, osteoarthritis. ^aTotal means Mankin score (max = 12); ^bp < 0.01 and ^cp < 0.05 compared with those of sham control; ^dp < 0.01 and ^ep < 0.05 compared with those of OA control.

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