The effect of age on sagittal plane profile of the lumbar spine according to standing, supine, and various sitting positions

Table 3 Summary of lumbar lordotic angle and end-plate angles of lumbar spine based on whole spine lateral radiography

Group	Factors	Standing	Supine	Sitting
				30°	60°	90°
Young age group	ф 1	3.81 ± 2.94	-0.27 ± 1.93	-1.78 ± 3.85	-2.33 ± 4.13	0.47 ± 3.70
	ф 2	5.53 ± 2.86	1.98 ± 2.95	1.40 ± 4..20	1.04 ± 2.77	0.84 ± 3.74
	ф 3	9.32 ± 1.78	6.30 ± 3.78	5.56 ± 2.46	2.73 ± 2.34	2.44 ± 3.78
	ф 4	12.51 ± 4.00	12.64 ± 4.52	12.83 ± 4.15	4.54 ± 2.56	1.87 ± 3.84
	ф 5	22.38 ± 6.12	20.50 ± 3.09	22.14 ± 5.66	12.45 ± 3.96	8.96 ± 4.47
	Ф	52.20 ± 7.95	40.16 ± 8.84	39.25 ± 6.92	17.30 ± 7.10	13.52 ± 11.61
	ULL	18.66 ± 4.32	8.01 ± 7.20	5.18 ± 7.24	1.44 ± 6.64	3.74 ± 9.35
	LLL	34.88 ± 7.40	33.14 ± 5.45	37.97 ± 7.29	16.99 ± 4.43	10.56 ± 6.35
Old age group	ф 1	1.78 ± 3.77	0.12 ± 2.97	-0.18 ± 4.02	0.28 ± 4.32	-0.11 ± 3.60
	ф 2	5.22 ± 4.99	2.78 ± 3.51	4.10 ± 4.34	3.14 ± 4.61	2.54 ± 4.13
	ф 3	7.51 ± 4.19	7.39 ± 3.80	8.41 ± 4.32	6.38 ± 4.88	4.25 ± 4.22
	ф 4	14.68 ± 3.23	14.88 ± 3.86	11.97 ± 4.85	8.75 ± 3.07	6.83 ± 5.18
	ф 5	24.98 ± 8.37	23.42 ± 6.77	22.98 ± 7.64	16.75 ± 7.39	14.61 ± 4.06
	Ф	53.90 ± 15.90	49.50 ± 13.12	46.91 ± 12.63	35.02 ± 10.26	27.87 ± 9.15
	ULL	14.51 ± 9.72	10.28 ± 7.83	12.33 ± 10.23	9.80 ± 10.66	6.68 ± 9.66
	LLL	39.66 ± 8.75	38.30 ± 8.44	34.94 ± 10.41	25.50 ± 8.29	14.61 ± 4.06

The values are in degrees, and the mark ‘°’ means the degree; ф1 means the first segmental angle which was measured between upper end plate of the first lumbar and upper end plate of the second lumbar vertebrae; ф2 means the second segmental angle which was measured between the upper end plate of the second lumbar and upper end plate of the third lumbar vertebrae; ф3 means the third segmental angle which was measured between the upper end plate of the third lumbar and upper end plate of the fourth lumbar vertebrae. ф4 means the fourth segmental angle which was measured between the upper end plate of the fourth lumbar and upper end plate of the fifth lumbar vertebrae; ф5 means the fifth segmental angle which was measured between the upper end plate of the fourth lumbar and upper end plate of the first sacral vertebrae. Ф means lumbar lordosis which was measured between the upper end plate of the first lumbar and upper end plate of the first sacral vertebrae. ULL and LLL means upper lumbar lordosis and lower lumbar lordosis.

ISSN: 1749-799X