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Table 1 Mean range of motion of each model on the biomechanical study

From: Tadpole system as new lumbar spinal instrumentation

   

(mean± SD)

 

ROM of forward – backward flextion

ROM of right – left side bending

ROM of right – left side rotaton

Normal control model

7.2° ± 4.8°

7.8° ± 3.8°

13.8° ± 7.1°

Injured model

18.6° ± 6.2°

22.1° ± 8.8°

24.8° ± 10.4°

PSF model

4.3° ± 2.9°

2.5° ± 1.3°

3.4° ± 2.6°

TS model

3.4° ± 2.2°

5.1° ± 2.5°

7.9° ± 5.2°

  1. Normal control model; non-treatment model
  2. Injured model; model resected the facet joint between L3 and L4
  3. PSF model; model generated from the injured model with pedicle screw fixation
  4. TS model; model created from the injured model with the Tadpole system®