| Mean stiffness (K) of intact equine radius | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Axial Compression (N/mm) | +/-Torsion (Nm/deg) | CrCa Bend (Nm/deg) | LM Bend (Nm/deg) |
Measured using: 3D unconstrained fixtures (3D optical) 34 cm test section 4-point bend, force applied on steel extensions to potted radius ends 3D optical tracking of the 50 mm test segment ends | ||||
K 3D (50 mm test segment) | 295000 | 430/405 | 1,007 | 1,680 |
K 3DN (150 mm axial & torsion segment) (11.5 to 101 mm uniform bend segment) | 98000 | 143/135 | 4378 to 504 | 7305 to 840 |
Measured using: Constrained axial compression and torsion fixtures (Hanson et al.) 1.15 cm test section 4-point bend (10.1 cm between outer force applicators), force applied directly on bone. Test machine ram displacement | ||||
K H (150 mm axial & torsion segment) (11.5 mm between inner, 101 mm between outer 4-point bend force application points) | 5000 | 18 | 61 | 79 |